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Дата написания1970-01-01
Язык книгиen
Возрастное ограничение0+
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сказкизарубежная классиказарубежная старинная литературафольклор

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Страница 109 из 110

80

A Buddhist prayer, in which something approaching to the sounds of the original Sanscrit has been preserved. The meaning of the prayer is explained as, "Save us, eternal Buddha!" Many even of the priests who repeat it know it only as a formula, without understanding it.

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81

An island on the west coast of Japan, famous for its gold mines.

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82

The author of the tale.

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83

Inkiyô, abdication. The custom of abdication is common among all classes, from the Emperor down to his meanest subject. The Emperor abdicates after consultation with his ministers: the Shogun has to obtain the permission of the Emperor; the Daimios, that of the Shogun. The abdication of the Emperor was called Sentô; that of the Shogun, Oyoshô; in all other ranks it is called Inkiyô. It must be remembered that the princes of Japan, in becoming Inkiyô, resign the semblance and the name, but not the reality of power. Both in their own provinces and in the country at large they play a most important part. The ex-Princes of Tosa, Uwajima and Owari, are far more notable men in Japan than the actual holders of the titles.

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84

Kishimojin, a female deity of the Buddhists.

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85

The seven passions are joy, anger, sadness, fear, love, hatred, and desire.

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86

One of the Buddhist classics.

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87

Môshi, the Japanese pronunciation of the name of the Chinese philosopher Mêng Tse, whom Europeans call Mencius.

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88

"The moon looks on many brooks; The brooks see but one moon."—T. MOORE.

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89

The younger brother of Minamoto no Yoritomo, who first established the government of the Shoguns. The battle of Ichi-no-tani took place in the year A.D. 1184.

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90

Literally, "a dance of the Province of Tosa."

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91

A famous actor of Yedo, who lived 195 years ago. He was born at Sakura, in Shimôsa.

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92

The ordinary wine-cup holding only a thimbleful, to drink wine out of teacups is a great piece of debauchery—like drinking brandy in tumblers.

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93

Kôshi is the Japanese pronunciation of the name of the Chinese philosopher Kung Tsū, or Kung Fu Tsū, whom we call Confucius.

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94

Ancient divisions of China.

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95

Wine is almost always drunk hot.

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96

A famous gold- and silver-smith of the olden time. A Benvenuto Cellini among the Japanese. His mark on a piece of metal work enhances its value tenfold.

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97

Curiosities, such as porcelain or enamel or carved jade from China, are highly esteemed by the Japanese. A great quantity of the porcelain of Japan is stamped with counterfeit Chinese marks of the Ming dynasty.

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98

An incantation used to invite spiders, which are considered unlucky by the superstitious, to come again at the Greek Kalends.

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99

Two famous Indian and Chinese physicians.

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100

All the temples in China and Japan have guests' apartments, which may be secured for a trifle, either for a long or short period. It is false to suppose that there is any desecration of a sacred shrine in the act of using it as a hostelry; it is the custom of the country.

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101

The second book of Confucius.

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102

Ashikaga, third dynasty of Shoguns, flourished from A.D. 1336 to 1568. The practice of suicide by disembowelling is of great antiquity. This is the time when the ceremonies attending it were invented.

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103

A bâton with a tassel of paper strips, used for giving directions in war-time.

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104

See the story of the Forty-seven Rônins.

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105

No Japanese authority that I have been able to consult gives any explanation of this singular name.

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106

White, in China and Japan, is the colour of mourning.

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107

The principal yashikis (palaces) of the nobles are for the most part immediately round the Shogun's castle, in the enclosure known as the official quarter. Their proximity to the palace forbids their being made the scenes of executions.

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108

A Japanese removes his sword on entering a house, retaining only his dirk.

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109

In Japan, where fires are of daily occurrence, the fire-buckets and other utensils form part of the gala dress of the house of a person of rank.

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110

Oishi Chikara was separated from his father, who was one of the seventeen delivered over to the charge of the Prince of Higo.

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111

It should be placed about three feet away from him.

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112

Seated himself—that is, in the Japanese fashion, his knees and toes touching the ground, and his body resting on his heels. In this position, which is one of respect, he remained until his death.

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113

Cf. Gibbon on Roman Marriages, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. iv. p. 345: "The contracting parties were seated on the same sheepskin; they tasted a salt cake of far, or rice; and this confarreation, which denoted the ancient food of Italy, served as an emblem of their mystic union of mind and body."

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