The Pit and the Pendulum

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The intense darkness oppressed and stifled me so that I struggled for breath.Having been condemned to death by the Spanish Inquisition, the narrator descends into a kind of hell. Dizzy with weakness and fainting with fear, he experiences such torments that death itself would be welcome. What troubles him most is the eternal question: how will he die?Toledo Prison is notorious for the torture of the condemned. What minds have dreamed up the terror of the pit in the center of the cell? What is the significance of the painted figure of Time with his menacing pendulum? Why do the walls glow with heat?Experience with the narrator the intensity of his suffering when death seems inevitable but its form uncertain. Can anything, or anybody, help him?","catalogType":"PUBLIC_DOMAIN","catalogTypeLabel":"Общественное достояние","authorLine":"Эдгар Аллан По","authors":[{"id":"86dc7633-2a81-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","displayName":"Эдгар Аллан По","protectedUrl":"/author/86dc7633-2a81-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","wikipediaUrl":"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%2C_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD","wikidataUrl":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16867"}],"genres":[{"id":5223,"title":"мистика","token":null,"publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/genre/5223"}],"keywords":["американская литература","американская классика"],"facts":[{"key":"dateWritten","label":"Дата написания","value":"1970-01-01"},{"key":"bookLanguage","label":"Язык книги","value":"en"},{"key":"adult","label":"Возрастное ограничение","value":"12+"}],"seoSections":[{"key":"summaryShort","title":"Описание","body":"Нарратор, осужденный к смерти, оказывается в подземной камере, где испытывает пытки и страх, пока не вмешается французский генерал, спасая его."},{"key":"conflict","title":"Главный конфликт / проблема","body":"Нарратор вынужден переживать пытки и бороться за жизнь, сталкиваясь с неизбежной судьбой, управляемой Инквизицией."},{"key":"keyIdeas","title":"Ключевые идеи","body":["Проблема бессознательного и сознательного восприятия в экстремальных условиях.","Смертельная опасность колеблющегося клинка как символа неизбежной судьбы.","Проблема свободы и контроля над собственным телом в условиях пыток."]},{"key":"conclusion","title":"Вывод","body":"Книга показывает, как страх и судьба влияют на человека, и как вмешательство может изменить исход."},{"key":"audience","title":"Кому полезна","body":["Читатели, интересующиеся классической литературой","Психологи и историки, изучающие пытки и их влияние"]},{"key":"topics","title":"Главные темы","body":["Пытки и страх","Свобода и судьба"]},{"key":"characters","title":"Персонажи","body":["Нарратор — Человек, осужденный на смерть, переживает ужасающие испытания в подземном помещении.","Инквизиция — Организация, ответственная за наказание и пытки.","Черные судьи — Они приговаривают нарратора к смерти и контролируют его судьбу.","Генерал Ласаль — Вмешивается в события и освобождает нарратора."]},{"key":"quotes","title":"Цитаты","body":["I had swooned; but still will not say that all of consciousness was lost.","The vibration of the pendulum was at right angles to my length."]}],"authorSummary":{"key":"authorSummary","title":"Сводка по автору из Wikidata","body":"1809–1849. Edgar Allan Poe. американский писатель, поэт, литературный критик и редактор (1809—1849)"},"hasArtifacts":true,"canReadInApp":true,"readUrl":"https://web.bookra.app/?startapp=r_794566","artifactsUrl":"https://web.bookra.app/?startapp=b_794566","readCtaLabel":"Читать бесплатно","artifactsCtaLabel":"AI-разбор","appReadLinks":{"tg":"https://t.me/bookra_lib_bot/BookRa?startapp=r_794566","vk":"https://vk.com/app54470698#startapp=r_794566","max":"https://max.ru/id7751370047_bot?startapp=r_794566","web":"https://web.bookra.app/?startapp=r_794566"},"appAnalysisLinks":{"tg":"https://t.me/bookra_lib_bot/BookRa?startapp=b_794566","vk":"https://vk.com/app54470698#startapp=b_794566","max":"https://max.ru/id7751370047_bot?startapp=b_794566","web":"https://web.bookra.app/?startapp=b_794566"},"guestReaderUrl":"/books/222PdRBQ?page=2#reader-content","authorCtaLabel":"Все книги автора","authorProtectedUrl":"/author/86dc7633-2a81-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","readersCount":0,"adultLabel":"12+","yearLabel":null,"datePublished":null,"publisherLabel":null,"isbn":null,"oclc":null,"lccn":null,"partnerUrl":null,"accessNote":"Полный текст книги и AI-разбор откроются на защищенных страницах BookRa после входа."},"reader":{"page":2,"totalPages":5,"hasPrev":true,"hasNext":true,"prevPageUrl":"/books/222PdRBQ#reader-content","nextPageUrl":"/books/222PdRBQ?page=3#reader-content","progressLabel":"Страница 2 из 5","sections":[{"id":"id11:10","kind":"paragraph","text":"A fearful idea now suddenly drove the blood in torrents upon my heart, and for a brief period, I once more relapsed into insensibility. Upon recovering, I at once started to my feet, trembling convulsively in every fibre. I thrust my arms wildly above and around me in all directions. I felt nothing; yet dreaded to move a step, lest I should be impeded by the walls of a tomb. Perspiration burst from every pore, and stood in cold big beads upon my forehead. The agony of suspense grew at length intolerable, and I cautiously moved forward, with my arms extended, and my eyes straining from their sockets, in the hope of catching some faint ray of light. I proceeded for many paces; but still all was blackness and vacancy. I breathed more freely. It seemed evident that mine was not, at least, the most hideous of fates."},{"id":"id11:11","kind":"paragraph","text":"And now, as I still continued to step cautiously onward, there came thronging upon my recollection a thousand vague rumors of the horrors of Toledo . Of the dungeons there had been strange things narrated—fables I had always deemed them—but yet strange, and too ghastly to repeat, save in a whisper. Was I left to perish of starvation in this subterranean world of darkness; or what fate, perhaps even more fearful, awaited me? That the result would be death, and a death of more than customary bitterness, I knew too well the character of my judges to doubt. The mode and the hour were all that occupied or distracted me."},{"id":"id11:12","kind":"paragraph","text":"My outstretched hands at length encountered some solid obstruction. It was a wall, seemingly of stone masonry—very smooth, slimy, and cold. I followed it up; stepping with all the careful distrust with which certain antique narratives had inspired me. This process, however, afforded me no means of ascertaining the dimensions of my dungeon; as I might make its circuit, and return to the point whence I set out, without being aware of the fact; so perfectly uniform seemed the wall. I therefore sought the knife which had been in my pocket, when led into the inquisitorial chamber; but it was gone; my clothes had been exchanged for a wrapper of coarse serge. I had thought of forcing the blade in some minute crevice of the masonry, so as to identify my point of departure. The difficulty, nevertheless, was but trivial; although, in the disorder of my fancy, it seemed at first insuperable. I tore a part of the hem from the robe and placed the fragment at full length, and at right angles to the wall. In groping my way around the prison, I could not fail to encounter this rag upon completing the circuit. So, at least I thought: but I had not counted upon the extent of the dungeon, or upon my own weakness. The ground was moist and slippery. I staggered onward for some time, when I stumbled and fell. My excessive fatigue induced me to remain prostrate; and sleep soon overtook me as I lay."},{"id":"id11:13","kind":"paragraph","text":"Upon awaking, and stretching forth an arm, I found beside me a loaf and a pitcher with water. I was too much exhausted to reflect upon this circumstance, but ate and drank with avidity. Shortly afterward, I resumed my tour around the prison, and with much toil came at last upon the fragment of the serge. Up to the period when I fell I had counted fifty-two paces, and upon resuming my walk, I had counted forty-eight more;—when I arrived at the rag. There were in all, then, a hundred paces; and, admitting two paces to the yard, I presumed the dungeon to be fifty yards in circuit. I had met, however, with many angles in the wall, and thus I could form no guess at the shape of the vault; for vault I could not help supposing it to be."},{"id":"id11:14","kind":"paragraph","text":"I had little object—certainly no hope these researches; but a vague curiosity prompted me to continue them. Quitting the wall, I resolved to cross the area of the enclosure. At first I proceeded with extreme caution, for the floor, although seemingly of solid material, was treacherous with slime. At length, however, I took courage, and did not hesitate to step firmly; endeavoring to cross in as direct a line as possible. I had advanced some ten or twelve paces in this manner, when the remnant of the torn hem of my robe became entangled between my legs. I stepped on it, and fell violently on my face."},{"id":"id11:15","kind":"paragraph","text":"In the confusion attending my fall, I did not immediately apprehend a somewhat startling circumstance, which yet, in a few seconds afterward, and while I still lay prostrate, arrested my attention. It was this—my chin rested upon the floor of the prison, but my lips and the upper portion of my head, although seemingly at a less elevation than the chin, touched nothing. At the same time my forehead seemed bathed in a clammy vapor, and the peculiar smell of decayed fungus arose to my nostrils. I put forward my arm, and shuddered to find that I had fallen at the very brink of a circular pit, whose extent, of course, I had no means of ascertaining at the moment. Groping about the masonry just below the margin, I succeeded in dislodging a small fragment, and let it fall into the abyss. For many seconds I hearkened to its reverberations as it dashed against the sides of the chasm in its descent; at length there was a sullen plunge into water, succeeded by loud echoes. At the same moment there came a sound resembling the quick opening, and as rapid closing of a door overhead, while a faint gleam of light flashed suddenly through the gloom, and as suddenly faded away."},{"id":"id11:16","kind":"paragraph","text":"I saw clearly the doom which had been prepared for me, and congratulated myself upon the timely accident by which I had escaped. Another step before my fall, and the world had seen me no more. And the death just avoided, was of that very character which I had regarded as fabulous and frivolous in the tales respecting the Inquisition. To the victims of its tyranny, there was the choice of death with its direst physical agonies, or death with its most hideous moral horrors. I had been reserved for the latter. By long suffering my nerves had been unstrung, until I trembled at the sound of my own voice, and had become in every respect a fitting subject for the species of torture which awaited me."},{"id":"id11:17","kind":"paragraph","text":"Shaking in every limb, I groped my way back to the wall; resolving there to perish rather than risk the terrors of the wells, of which my imagination now pictured many in various positions about the dungeon. In other conditions of mind I might have had courage to end my misery at once by a plunge into one of these abysses; but now I was the veriest of cowards. Neither could I forget what I had read of these pits—that the sudden extinction of life formed no part of their most horrible plan."}],"toc":[{"id":"id11:0:1","label":"The Pit and the Pendulum by Edgar Allan Poe","page":1,"pageUrl":"/books/222PdRBQ#reader-content"}]},"similarBooks":[{"idCatalog":9313,"shortId":"1rc3PSZr","title":"Мастер и Маргарита","authorLine":"Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков","primaryAuthorId":"2bd2e67f-2a82-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","coverUrl":"https://storage.yandexcloud.net/bookra-catalog-litres-public/content/4a07a33f-4a51-11e5-87ef-0025905a06ea/thumbs/400.webp","publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/books/1rc3PSZr"},{"idCatalog":648940,"shortId":"1gkuwFig","title":"Изгнанник Ардена","authorLine":"Freedom, Софи Анри","primaryAuthorId":"c6365023-3cb7-11ec-8d3b-0cc47a5f137d","coverUrl":"https://storage.yandexcloud.net/bookra-catalog-litres-public/content/41d12354-1776-11f0-8ce3-0cc47af30fe4/thumbs/400.webp","publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/books/1gkuwFig"},{"idCatalog":75738,"shortId":"0FN1YbN2","title":"Мёртвая зона","authorLine":"Стивен Кинг, Виктор Валентинович Антонов","primaryAuthorId":"ebcd0396-2a80-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","coverUrl":"https://storage.yandexcloud.net/bookra-catalog-litres-public/content/7b04b86a-2768-11e2-86b3-b737ee03444a/thumbs/400.webp","publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/books/0FN1YbN2"},{"idCatalog":328912,"shortId":"21bU3TEI","title":"Институт","authorLine":"Стивен Кинг, Екатерина Михайловна Доброхотова-Майкова","primaryAuthorId":"ebcd0396-2a80-102a-9ae1-2dfe723fe7c7","coverUrl":"https://storage.yandexcloud.net/bookra-catalog-litres-public/content/36ad2163-676b-11ea-9c12-0cc47a5f3f85/thumbs/400.webp","publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/books/21bU3TEI"},{"idCatalog":389158,"shortId":"2FtaBl32","title":"Четыре жизни Хелен Ламберт","authorLine":"Констанс Сэйерс, INSPIRIA, Ольга Сергеевна Захватова","primaryAuthorId":"5454af2e-7ccf-11eb-9deb-441ea152441c","coverUrl":"https://storage.yandexcloud.net/bookra-catalog-litres-public/content/6c268dbd-7ccf-11eb-8996-0cc47a5f137d/thumbs/400.webp","publicUrl":"https://bookra.app/books/2FtaBl32"},{"idCatalog":271480,"shortId":"2CK3rTeY","title":"Скорбь Сатаны","authorLine":"Мария Корелли, Е. 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