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Tom Sawyer — обложка книги
Дата написания1970-01-01
Язык книгиfi
Возрастное ограничение12+

Описание

Том Сойер, молодой искатель приключений, отправляется в воздушный шар, чтобы доказать свою смелость, сталкиваясь с опасностями, дружбой и культурными открытиями, пока ищет славу и смысл жизни.

Главный конфликт / проблема

Том ищет приключения и славу, сталкиваясь с конкуренцией и опасностями, которые ставят под угрозу его репутацию и безопасность.

Ключевые идеи

  • Жажда приключений и поиск славы у Тома Сойера
  • Конкуренция и соперничество с Натом Парсонсом
  • Путешествие на воздушном шаре как метафора приключения
  • Проблемы с навигацией и временем в открытом пространстве
  • Влияние долготы на часы и восприятие времени
  • Опасность штормов и непредсказуемость погоды
  • Тестирование дружбы и смелости в экстремальных условиях
  • Путешествие воздушного шара над Сахарой и определение местоположения с помощью часов и карты.
  • Наблюдение за караваном и последующая битва, в которой герои спасают ребёнка и женщину.
  • Пустыня – огромная и непредсказуемая территория, способная покрыть целые страны.
  • Ловля и приготовление дикой пищи в пустыне – сложный, но жизненно важный процесс.
  • Легенда о горе сокровищ иллюстрирует обман и моральные уроки.

Вывод

Книга показывает, что смелость, дружба и критическое мышление помогают преодолевать трудности и находить смысл в жизни.

Кому полезна

  • Дети и подростки
  • Любители классической литературы
  • Читатели, интересующиеся приключенческими историями

Главные темы

  • Приключения
  • Дружба
  • Поиск славы
  • Культурные открытия

Персонажи

  • Том Сойер — Молодой, смелый и жаждущий славы, переживший пулевую рану, стремится доказать свою смелость и найти новые подвиги. Смелый и любопытный, часто приводит логические аргументы, но иногда теряет контроль в стрессовых ситуациях. Оптимистичный и решительный, уверенно определяет местоположение и принимает решения о спасении. Любопытный и любящий приключения, стремится понять мир через наблюдения и диалоги.
  • Джим — Союзник Тома в приключениях, часто поддерживает его решения. Помогает в управлении шаром и участвует в спасении ребёнка. Джим участвует в охоте, рыбалке, обсуждениях и помогает в работе с песком. Чувствителен к историческим событиям, переживает сильные эмоции, когда видит древние сооружения.
  • Профессор — Ученый, создавший воздушный шар, раздражённый критикой и пытающийся защитить свою работу. Уверенный в своих расчетах, но подвержен нервным вспышкам и алкоголю.
  • Хак Финн — Слабый, но любопытный и практичный, наблюдает за происходящим, участвует в спасении и задает вопросы о карте и времени. Скептичен к философским рассуждениям, но участвует в приключениях.
  • Нат Парсонс — Старый почтальон, известный своими историями путешествий, чувствует угрозу со стороны Тома.
  • Аунт Полли — Бабушка Тома.
  • Дервиш — Дервиш обманул кочевого всадника, отобрав сокровища, и стал символом обмана.
  • Кочевой всадник — Кочевой всадник был обманут дервишем и стал слепым.

Цитаты

  • It only just p'isoned him for more.
  • Idiots! They said it wouldn't go; and they wanted to examine it, and spy around and get the secret of it out of me.
  • «Профессор сказал, что мы летим со скоростью до ста миль в час, но мы не пересекли Иллинойс»
  • «Шторм, падение профессора и спасение Тома»
  • I bet you a thousand to one I know where we are. We're in the Great Sahara, as sure as guns!
  • They come a-tearing down on to the caravan, and the next minute both sides crashed together and was all mixed up.
  • "We hauled in the ladder and dropped down till we was just above the reach of the animals, then we let down a rope with a slip-knot in it and hauled up a dead lion, a small tender one, then yanked up a cub tiger."
  • "We saw a string of little black figgers moving across its big silver face. You could see them as plain as if they was painted on the moon with ink."
  • «Он не достоин увидеть этот день!»
  • «Они люди и лошади. Они тянут длинную лестницу на спину Сфинкса – неужели это странно?»

Сводка по автору из Wikidata

1835–1910. Mark Twain. американский писатель, журналист и общественный деятель (1835–1910)

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TOM SAWYER ABROAD By Mark Twain

CHAPTER I. TOM SEEKS NEW ADVENTURES

DO you reckon Tom Sawyer was satisfied after all them adventures? I mean the adventures we had down the river, and the time we set the darky Jim free and Tom got shot in the leg. No, he wasn't. It only just p'isoned him for more. That was all the effect it had. You see, when we three came back up the river in glory, as you may say, from that long travel, and the village received us with a torchlight procession and speeches, and everybody hurrah'd and shouted, it made us heroes, and that was what Tom Sawyer had always been hankering to be.

For a while he WAS satisfied. Everybody made much of him, and he tilted up his nose and stepped around the town as though he owned it. Some called him Tom Sawyer the Traveler, and that just swelled him up fit to bust. You see he laid over me and Jim considerable, because we only went down the river on a raft and came back by the steamboat, but Tom went by the steamboat both ways. The boys envied me and Jim a good deal, but land! they just knuckled to the dirt before TOM.

Well, I don't know; maybe he might have been satisfied if it hadn't been for old Nat Parsons, which was postmaster, and powerful long and slim, and kind o' good-hearted and silly, and bald-headed, on account of his age, and about the talkiest old cretur I ever see. For as much as thirty years he'd been the only man in the village that had a reputation—I mean a reputation for being a traveler, and of course he was mortal proud of it, and it was reckoned that in the course of that thirty years he had told about that journey over a million times and enjoyed it every time. And now comes along a boy not quite fifteen, and sets everybody admiring and gawking over HIS travels, and it just give the poor old man the high strikes. It made him sick to listen to Tom, and to hear the people say "My land!" "Did you ever!" "My goodness sakes alive!" and all such things; but he couldn't pull away from it, any more than a fly that's got its hind leg fast in the molasses. And always when Tom come to a rest, the poor old cretur would chip in on HIS same old travels and work them for all they were worth; but they were pretty faded, and didn't go for much, and it was pitiful to see. And then Tom would take another innings, and then the old man again—and so on, and so on, for an hour and more, each trying to beat out the other.

You see, Parsons' travels happened like this: When he first got to be postmaster and was green in the business, there come a letter for somebody he didn't know, and there wasn't any such person in the village. Well, he didn't know what to do, nor how to act, and there the letter stayed and stayed, week in and week out, till the bare sight of it gave him a conniption. The postage wasn't paid on it, and that was another thing to worry about. There wasn't any way to collect that ten cents, and he reckon'd the gov'ment would hold him responsible for it and maybe turn him out besides, when they found he hadn't collected it. Well, at last he couldn't stand it any longer. He couldn't sleep nights, he couldn't eat, he was thinned down to a shadder, yet he da'sn't ask anybody's advice, for the very person he asked for advice might go back on him and let the gov'ment know about the letter. He had the letter buried under the floor, but that did no good; if he happened to see a person standing over the place it'd give him the cold shivers, and loaded him up with suspicions, and he would sit up that night till the town was still and dark, and then he would sneak there and get it out and bury it in another place. Of course, people got to avoiding him and shaking their heads and whispering, because, the way he was looking and acting, they judged he had killed somebody or done something terrible, they didn't know what, and if he had been a stranger they would've lynched him.

Well, as I was saying, it got so he couldn't stand it any longer; so he made up his mind to pull out for Washington, and just go to the President of the United States and make a clean breast of the whole thing, not keeping back an atom, and then fetch the letter out and lay it before the whole gov'ment, and say, "Now, there she is—do with me what you're a mind to; though as heaven is my judge I am an innocent man and not deserving of the full penalties of the law and leaving behind me a family that must starve and yet hadn't had a thing to do with it, which is the whole truth and I can swear to it."

So he did it. He had a little wee bit of steamboating, and some stage-coaching, but all the rest of the way was horseback, and it took him three weeks to get to Washington. He saw lots of land and lots of villages and four cities. He was gone 'most eight weeks, and there never was such a proud man in the village as he when he got back. His travels made him the greatest man in all that region, and the most talked about; and people come from as much as thirty miles back in the country, and from over in the Illinois bottoms, too, just to look at him—and there they'd stand and gawk, and he'd gabble. You never see anything like it.

Well, there wasn't any way now to settle which was the greatest traveler; some said it was Nat, some said it was Tom. Everybody allowed that Nat had seen the most longitude, but they had to give in that whatever Tom was short in longitude he had made up in latitude and climate. It was about a stand-off; so both of them had to whoop up their dangerous adventures, and try to get ahead THAT way. That bullet-wound in Tom's leg was a tough thing for Nat Parsons to buck against, but he bucked the best he could; and at a disadvantage, too, for Tom didn't set still as he'd orter done, to be fair, but always got up and sauntered around and worked his limp while Nat was painting up the adventure that HE had in Washington; for Tom never let go that limp when his leg got well, but practiced it nights at home, and kept it good as new right along.

Nat's adventure was like this; I don't know how true it is; maybe he got it out of a paper, or somewhere, but I will say this for him, that he DID know how to tell it. He could make anybody's flesh crawl, and he'd turn pale and hold his breath when he told it, and sometimes women and girls got so faint they couldn't stick it out. Well, it was this way, as near as I can remember:

He come a-loping into Washington, and put up his horse and shoved out to the President's house with his letter, and they told him the President was up to the Capitol, and just going to start for Philadelphia—not a minute to lose if he wanted to catch him. Nat 'most dropped, it made him so sick. His horse was put up, and he didn't know what to do. But just then along comes a darky driving an old ramshackly hack, and he see his chance. He rushes out and shouts: "A half a dollar if you git me to the Capitol in half an hour, and a quarter extra if you do it in twenty minutes!"

"Done!" says the darky.

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