A-A. Deep palmar arch; B. Trapezium; C. Articular surface of ulna; Dotted lines include the amount removed in Lister's earlier operations; Unshaded portions are those removed by Lister in cases where the disease is limited to the carpus. (Reduced from Lister's diagram in Lancet, 1865.)

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60

Skey, Op. Surg., 2d ed. p. 438.

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61

Abridged from Butcher, Op. and Con. Surgery, p. 208.

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62

Science and Art of Surgery, 3d ed. p. 745.

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63

On the Surgical Treatment of Children's Diseases, pp. 454-6.

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64

Clinical Society's Transactions, vol. xiii. p. 71.

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65

Billroth of Vienna and Pelikan of St. Petersburg, quoted from Heyfelder by Hodge on Excision of Joints, p. 161.

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66

Operative and Conservative Surgery, pp. 28, 138.

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67

On Excision of Knee-Joint, pp. 18, 20.

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68

Operative and Conservative Surgery, p. 169.

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69

Mr. Jones of Jersey, Med. Chir. Trans., vol. xxxvii. p. 68.

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70

Lancet, Oct. 1, 1859.

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71

Barwell On Diseased Joints, p. 464.

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72

Syme On Excision of the Scapula, pp. 13-26, 1864.

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73

Butcher's Operative and Conservative Surgery, p. 225.

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74

For an excellent case, see Annandale on Diseases of the Finger and Toes, p. 261.

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75

Holmes's Surgery, 3d edition, vol. iii. p. 771.

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76

Brit. and Foreign Med. Chir. Review for July 1853.

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77

Mr. Holmes in Lancet for February 18, 1856.

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78

Ibid. for May 1865.

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79

Butcher, Operative and Conservative Surgery, p. 354.

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80

See Butcher, Operative and Conservative Surgery, p. 356.

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81

See case by the author in the Edin. Med. Jour. for June 1868.

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a. Elliptical incision for entropium; b. wedge-shaped incision for ectropium.

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83

Ophthalmic Hospital Reports, vol. i. p. 121.

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Fig. viii. illustrates Streatfeild's operation for entropium.—a. section of skin; b. section of levator palpebrae; c. section of cartilage of lid; d. section of conjunctiva; e. wedge-shaped portion excised.

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85

Rough diagram of Bowman's operation, showing the grooved director in the punctum, and the knife in the groove just before it slits up the canaliculus.

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86

Diagram of operations for convergent squint—A A, line of sub-conjunctival incision; B B, line of Dieffenbach's operation; c, wire speculum.

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87

The Radical Cure of Extreme Divergent Strabismus. J. Vose Solomon, F.R.C.S., 1864.

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88

Ophthalmic Hospital Reports, vol. iv. part ii. p. 197.

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Biennial Retrospect for 1865-66. Syd. Soc. pp. 363-4. For a thorough discussion of the merits of this operation, see papers by Von Graefe in Brit. Med. Jour. for 1867, vol. i. pp. 379, 446, 499, 657, 765.

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Ophthalmic Hospital Reports, vol. i. p. 224.

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Streatfeild on Corelysis. Ophthalmic Hospital Reports, vol. ii. p. 309.

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a iris; b lens; c cornea. The hook is seen applied to the adhesion between lens and iris.

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93

The staphyloma with the needles inserted, the lids held asunder by a spring speculum. The elliptical dotted line shows the amount to be removed; the vertical one, the position of the preliminary incision with the Beer's knife.

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94

Resulting stump after the stitches are inserted.

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95

Ophthalmic Hospital Reports, vol. iv. part 1.

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96

Operation for formation of a new nose from the cheeks; a a, flaps approximated in middle line; B B, outer part of bed of flaps stitched up; C C, triangle at each side left to granulate.

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97

The Restoration of a Lost Nose by Operation, p. 57; an excellent monograph on the subject.

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98

Operation for formation of a new nose from the forehead:—a, prominence of flap which is to be used as septum; b, left-hand corner of flap, which is twisted and fastened at c; d, one of the tubes or quills over which the nose is moulded.—(Modified from Bernard and Huette.)

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99

Syme's Observations in Clinical Surgery, p. 132.

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100

Diagram of V-shaped incision; A B A, dots showing points for sutures.

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101

Diagram of incision for scooping out a shallow tumour by scissors.

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102

Diagram of incisions:—C A C, outline of incision for removal; C A D, outline of flap on each side; b, prominence of chin; C C, dotted lines, showing incisions to enlarge mouth, if required.

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103

Diagram of flaps in position:—A A, corners of flaps brought up and approximated by silver sutures; C C, new lip got by lateral incisions, skin and mucous membrane being united by silk threads; E E, gap left to granulate.

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104

Fig. xxiii. shows the incision bounding the cleft.

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105

Fig. xxiv. shows the diamond-shaped wound before the sutures are applied.

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106

Diagram of operation for double harelip:—a, stitch through both sides and wedge-shaped portion, which also aids the septum; b, other stitches approximating edges.

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