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The Grounds of an Opinion on the Policy of Restricting the Importation of Foreign Corn — обложка книги
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The Grounds of an Opinion on the Policy of Restricting the Importation of Foreign Corn

Автор Thomas Robert Malthus
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Описание

В книге Мальтус аргументирует необходимость ограничения импорта иностранного зерна, ссылаясь на падение цен, влияние французского законодательства и исторические изменения британского законодательства, чтобы защитить сельское хозяйство и стабилизировать экономику.

Главный конфликт / проблема

Нужно ли ограничивать импорт иностранного зерна, чтобы защитить экономику и сельское хозяйство

Ключевые идеи

  • Низкие цены на зерно приводят к потере сельскохозяйственного капитала и замедлению улучшений.
  • Свободный импорт зерна создаёт ценовые колебания и зависимость от Франции.
  • Ограничения поддерживают отечественное производство, обеспечивают стабильность цен и благосостояние населения.

Вывод

Книга приходит к выводу, что в текущих условиях разумнее поддерживать ограничения, чтобы сохранить независимость от внешних поставок, стабилизировать цены и защитить сельское хозяйство.

Кому полезна

  • Экономисты
  • Политики
  • Сельскохозяйственные специалисты
  • Историки

Главные темы

  • Политика ограничения импорта зерна
  • Экономические риски свободной торговли
  • Влияние цен на зерно на сельское хозяйство и национальный долг

Цитаты

  • «The evidence, which has been laid before Parliament, relating to the effects of the present prices of corn, together with the experience of the present year.»
  • «The fall of prices, which had lately taken place, and the alarm of a still further fall, from continued importation, had not only checked all progress of improvement, but had already occasioned a considerable loss of agricultural advances.»

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13

I am strongly disposed to believe, that it is owning to the unwillingness of governments to allow the free egress of their corn, when it is scarce, that nations are practically so little dependent upon each other for corn, as they are found to be. According to all general principles they ought to be more dependent. But the great fluctuations in the price of corn, occasioned by this unwillingness, tend to throw each country back again upon its internal resources. This was remarkably the case with us in 1800 and 1801, when the very high price, which we paid for foreign corn, gave a prodigious stimulus to our domestic agriculture. A large territorial country, that imports foreign corn, is exposed not infrequently to the fluctuations which belong to this kind of variable dependence, without obtaining the cheapness that ought to accompany a trade in corn really free.

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14

See this subject treated in An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rents.

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15

Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent.

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16

It is to this class of persons that I consider myself as chiefly belonging. Much the greatest part of my income is derived from a fixed salary and the interest of money in the funds.

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17

It often happens that the high prices of a particular country may diminish the quantity of its exports without diminishing the value of their amount abroad; in which case its foreign trade is peculiarly advantageous, as it purchases the same amount of foreign commodities at a much less expense of labour and capital.

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18

Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent.

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19

This price seems to be pretty fairly consistent with the idea of getting rid of that part of our high prices which belongs to excessive issues of paper, and retaining only that part which belongs to great wealth, combined with a system of restrictions.

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