Загрузка...
Adventures of Tom Sawyer — обложка книги
Читать бесплатно онлайн

Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Автор Марк Твен
12+0101
Дата написания1970-01-01
Язык книгиen
Возрастное ограничение12+

Описание

Том Сойер, озорный мальчик, живет в доме тети Полли и постоянно устраивает проделки. Сначала он учится ценить труд и дружбу, затем сталкивается с внутренним конфликтом, связанным с тайной и преступлением, и, наконец, ищет свободу в пиратстве и сокровищах, но в итоге понимает, что истинное счастье – в семье и ответственности.

Главный конфликт / проблема

Том Сойер борется с внутренним конфликтом между желанием приключений и необходимостью отвечать перед семьёй и обществом, а также с тайной, которую он скрывает, и последствиями своих действий.

Ключевые идеи

  • Молодой Том Сойер – символ беззаботной детской жизни и склонности к проделкам.
  • Тетя Полли представляет строгую, но заботливую фигуру, пытающуюся удержать Тома от безделья.
  • Труд и игра находятся в постоянном взаимодействии: труд делает вещи желанными, а игра поддерживает дух.
  • Дружба и взаимопомощь среди детей помогают преодолевать трудности и учат ценить совместные усилия.
  • Учеба и награды в воскресной школе формируют характер Тома.
  • Дружба и взаимная поддержка среди мальчиков важны для их развития.
  • Том проявляет коварство и игривость, но также стремится к признанию и уважению.
  • Моральный конфликт и тяжесть тайны, которую несёт Том
  • Клятва молчания как символ обязательства и страх перед последствиями
  • Отчаяние и поиск свободы как мотивация к пиратству
  • Дружба и совместные планы как способ справиться с одиночеством
  • Внутренний конфликт и осознание ценности семьи

Вывод

Книга приводит к выводу, что свобода и приключения важны, но истинное счастье и удовлетворение достигаются через семейные связи, дружбу и ответственность перед собой и окружающими.

Кому полезна

  • Дети и подростки, интересующиеся приключенческими историями
  • Семьи, ищущие уроки о ценностях и ответственности
  • Любители классической американской литературы

Главные темы

  • Детская беззаботность и проделки
  • Дружба и взаимопомощь
  • Внутренний конфликт и моральный рост
  • Покорение свободы и поиск приключений
  • Семейные ценности и ответственность

Персонажи

  • Tom Sawyer — Любит проделки, но постепенно осознаёт ценность труда и дружбы. Стремится к признанию, любит шалости, но также ценит знания. Боится раскрытия преступления, испытывает внутренний конфликт. Решает стать пиратом, но осознаёт ценность семьи. Молодой, любопытный, импульсивный, ищет приключения, смелый и находчивый, стремится к свободе.
  • Becky Thatcher — Том влюблен в неё, но она привлекает внимание других мальчиков. Том ревнует к её вниманию и испытывает конфликт. Она считается его возлюбленной.
  • Huck Finn — Хак всегда готов к развлечениям, не боится рисковать, следит за Джо, но не вмешивается, чтобы не раскрыть тайну. Ценит свободу, но испытывает внутренний конфликт после получения богатства.
  • Aunt Polly — Стремится удержать Тома от безделья и проделок, иногда проявляет сострадание. Применяет странные методы лечения, включая воду и «пейн‑киллер».
  • Mary — Показывает терпение и поощряет Тома за учебу, но также выражает недовольство его поступками.
  • Joe Harper — Старший брат Хакки, соглашается стать пиратом.
  • Mr. Watterson — Проводит уроки, устанавливает систему наград и поддерживает порядок.
  • Judge Fryer — Том следит за его состоянием и вынужден отречься от ордена.
  • Maf Potter — Поттер лежит в окне, присутствие усиливает страх Тома. Том свидетельствует о его присутствии в кладбище, что приводит к оправданию.
  • Indjen Joe — Том подозревает связь с преступлением, но не имеет доказательств. Он играет ключевую роль в суде.
  • Sid — Часто конфликтует с Томом, но в конце главы они приходят к взаимопониманию.
  • Emily Lawrence — Том испытывает к ней романтические чувства, но они быстро исчезают.

Цитаты

  • I can lick you!
  • Well, I never! There's no getting round it, you can work when you're a mind to, Tom.
  • "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."
  • "I LOVE YOU."
  • "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer swears they will keep mum about This and They wish They may Drop down dead in Their Tracks if They ever Tell and Rot."
  • "I don't know, aunt, and I never see him get around so since—"
  • У Тома теперь решимость.
  • Что это!
  • "I bet there's been pirates on this island before, boys. We'll explore it again. They've hid treasures here somewhere."
  • "Quick! boys, go for the tent!"

Сводка по автору из Wikidata

1835–1910. Mark Twain. американский писатель, журналист и общественный деятель (1835–1910)

Читать онлайн

Страница 1 из 58

Annotation

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is a popular 1876 novel about a young boy growing up in the antebellum South. The story is set in the town of "St Petersburg", inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Mark Twain grew up.

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

PREFACE

CHAPTER I

CHAPTER II

CHAPTER III

CHAPTER IV

CHAPTER V

CHAPTER VI

CHAPTER VII

CHAPTER VIII

CHAPTER IX

CHAPTER X

CHAPTER XI

CHAPTER XII

CHAPTER XIII

CHAPTER XIV

CHAPTER XV

CHAPTER XVI

CHAPTER XVII

CHAPTER XVIII

CHAPTER XIX

CHAPTER XX

CHAPTER XXI

CHAPTER XXII

CHAPTER XXIII

CHAPTER XXIV

CHAPTER XXV

CHAPTER XVI

CHAPTER XXVII

CHAPTER XXVIII

CHAPTER XXIX

CHAPTER XXX

CHAPTER XXXI

CHAPTER XXXII

CHAPTER XXXIII

CHAPTER XXXIV

CHAPTER XXXV

notes

1

2

3

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens)

PREFACE

Most of the adventures recorded in this book really occurred; one or two were experiences of my own, the rest those of boys who were schoolmates of mine. Huck Finn is drawn from life; Tom Sawyer also, but not from an individual—he is a combination of the characteristics of three boys whom I knew, and therefore belongs to the composite order of architecture.

The odd superstitions touched upon were all prevalent among children and slaves in the West at the period of this story—that is to say, thirty or forty years ago.

Although my book is intended mainly for the entertainment of boys and girls, I hope it will not be shunned by men and women on that account, for part of my plan has been to try to pleasantly remind adults of what they once were themselves, and of how they felt and thought and talked, and what queer enterprises they sometimes engaged in.

THE AUTHOR.

HARTFORD, 1876.

CHAPTER I

"TOM!"

No answer.

"TOM!"

No answer.

"What's gone with that boy, I wonder? You TOM!"

No answer.

The old lady pulled her spectacles down and looked over them about the room; then she put them up and looked out under them. She seldom or never looked THROUGH them for so small a thing as a boy; they were her state pair, the pride of her heart, and were built for "style," not service—she could have seen through a pair of stove-lids just as well. She looked perplexed for a moment, and then said, not fiercely, but still loud enough for the furniture to hear:

"Well, I lay if I get hold of you I'll—"

She did not finish, for by this time she was bending down and punching under the bed with the broom, and so she needed breath to punctuate the punches with. She resurrected nothing but the cat.

"I never did see the beat of that boy!"

She went to the open door and stood in it and looked out among the tomato vines and "jimpson" weeds that constituted the garden. No Tom. So she lifted up her voice at an angle calculated for distance and shouted:

"Y-o-u-u TOM!"

There was a slight noise behind her and she turned just in time to seize a small boy by the slack of his roundabout and arrest his flight.

"There! I might 'a' thought of that closet. What you been doing in there?"

"Nothing."

"Nothing! Look at your hands. And look at your mouth. What IS that truck?"

"I don't know, aunt."

"Well, I know. It's jam—that's what it is. Forty times I've said if you didn't let that jam alone I'd skin you. Hand me that switch."

The switch hovered in the air—the peril was desperate—

"My! Look behind you, aunt!"

The old lady whirled round, and snatched her skirts out of danger. The lad fled on the instant, scrambled up the high board-fence, and disappeared over it.

His aunt Polly stood surprised a moment, and then broke into a gentle laugh.

"Hang the boy, can't I never learn anything? Ain't he played me tricks enough like that for me to be looking out for him by this time? But old fools is the biggest fools there is. Can't learn an old dog new tricks, as the saying is. But my goodness, he never plays them alike, two days, and how is a body to know what's coming? He 'pears to know just how long he can torment me before I get my dander up, and he knows if he can make out to put me off for a minute or make me laugh, it's all down again and I can't hit him a lick. I ain't doing my duty by that boy, and that's the Lord's truth, goodness knows. Spare the rod and spile the child, as the Good Book says. I'm a laying up sin and suffering for us both, I know. He's full of the Old Scratch, but laws-a-me! he's my own dead sister's boy, poor thing, and I ain't got the heart to lash him, somehow. Every time I let him off, my conscience does hurt me so, and every time I hit him my old heart most breaks. Well-a-well, man that is born of woman is of few days and full of trouble, as the Scripture says, and I reckon it's so. He'll play hookey this evening[1], and I'll just be obleeged to make him work, tomorrow, to punish him. It's mighty hard to make him work Saturdays, when all the boys is having holiday, but he hates work more than he hates anything else, and I've GOT to do some of my duty by him, or I'll be the ruination of the child."

Tom did play hookey, and he had a very good time. He got back home barely in season to help Jim, the small colored boy, saw next-day's wood and split the kindlings before supper—at least he was there in time to tell his adventures to Jim while Jim did three-fourths of the work. Tom's younger brother (or rather half-brother) Sid was already through with his part of the work (picking up chips), for he was a quiet boy, and had no adventurous, trouble-some ways.

While Tom was eating his supper, and stealing sugar as opportunity offered, Aunt Polly asked him questions that were full of guile, and very deep—for she wanted to trap him into damaging revealments. Like many other simple-hearted souls, it was her pet vanity to believe she was endowed with a talent for dark and mysterious diplomacy, and she loved to contemplate her most transparent devices as marvels of low cunning. Said she:

"Tom, it was middling warm in school, warn't it?"

"Yes'm."

"Powerful warm, warn't it?"

"Yes'm."

"Didn't you want to go in a-swimming, Tom?"

A bit of a scare shot through Tom—a touch of uncomfortable suspicion. He searched Aunt Polly's face, but it told him nothing. So he said:

"No'm—well, not very much."

The old lady reached out her hand and felt Tom's shirt, and said:

"But you ain't too warm now, though." And it flattered her to reflect that she had discovered that the shirt was dry without anybody knowing that that was what she had in her mind. But in spite of her, Tom knew where the wind lay, now. So he forestalled what might be the next move:

"Some of us pumped on our heads—mine's damp yet. See?"

Aunt Polly was vexed to think she had overlooked that bit of circumstantial evidence, and missed a trick. Then she had a new inspiration:

"Tom, you didn't have to undo your shirt collar where I sewed it, to pump on your head, did you? Unbutton your jacket!"

The trouble vanished out of Tom's face. He opened his jacket. His shirt collar was securely sewed.

Страница 1 из 58

Назад1258Далее

Вам также может понравиться

Страница 1 из 195

Назад12195Далее