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Christian Science — обложка книги
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Christian Science

Автор Марк Твен
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Дата написания1970-01-01
Язык книгиen
Возрастное ограничение12+
Жанры
зарубежная классиказарубежная старинная литература

Описание

Книга представляет критический анализ учения Христианской науки, начиная с личного опыта Марка Твена, переходя к исследованию личности и структуры организации Мэри Бейкер Эдди, и завершая собственными аргументами автора о природе исцеления и роли религиозных движений в обществе.

Главный конфликт / проблема

Критика учения Христианской науки и его финансовой модели, а также сомнения в оригинальности и авторстве ключевых текстов

Ключевые идеи

  • Христианская наука отрицает существование боли, болезни и материи, утверждая, что всё – это ум.
  • Учение основано на книге «Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures» и фигуре Мэри Бейкер Эди, которую авторы рассматривают как божественную.
  • Твэн критикует финансовую модель, где последователи платят за книги и услуги, создавая монополию.
  • Твэн сомневается в реальной эффективности «отсутствующего» лечения и подчёркивает отсутствие доказательств.
  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди как основательница и контролер Церкви
  • Сомнения в полном авторстве книги «Science and Health»
  • Строгая структура Церкви и монополия на тексты
  • Инфальбильность и контроль над членами
  • Влияние и критика «Великой Идеи»
  • Исцеление возможно только через духовный принцип, а не через физические методы.
  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди является центральной фигурой и источником авторитета в христианской науке.
  • Критика традиционного христианства за разрыв между личной и публичной моралью.

Вывод

Книга приводит к выводу, что Христианская наука, несмотря на свои духовные претензии, имеет недостатки в учении, практике и структуре, и её влияние может быть ограничено критическим осмыслением

Кому полезна

  • Критики религиозных движений
  • Люди, интересующиеся историей религий
  • Профессионалы в области теологии и религиоведения
  • Потребители духовных практик

Главные темы

  • Критика учения Христианской науки
  • Финансовая иерархия и контроль в Церкви
  • Проблемы авторства и оригинальности ключевых текстов
  • Проблемы с практикой исцеления и духовным мышлением

Персонажи

  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди — Обычная женщина с выдающимися способностями к манипуляции и контролю над учением. Автор книги «Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures» и центральная фигура учения, чьи идеи и практики подвергаются критике и защите в тексте.
  • Марк Твен — Автор, который пережил падение и испытал «отсутствующее» лечение, затем анализирует учение, выражая сомнения в оригинальности учения и обвиняя Эдди в самовосхвале.
  • Доктор Фуллер — Женщина, практикующая христианскую науку, объясняет Твену её принципы.
  • Реверенд Хебер Ньютон — Обсуждает роль исцеления в жизни Иисуса и в ранней церкви.
  • Мистер МакКрекан — Обсуждает вопросы авторства и точности учения.
  • Куимби — Автор упоминает его рукописи как потенциальный источник идей для Эдди.

Цитаты

  • «There is no such thing as pain; there is no such thing as disease; nothing exists but Mind; the mind cannot feel pain, it can only imagine it.»
  • «The trust will be the most insolent and unscrupulous and tyrannical politico‑religious master that has dominated a people since the palmy days of the Inquisition.»
  • Она была свидетельницей, от которой я черпал информацию. Она раскрыла это в своей автобиографии не намеренно, конечно — я не утверждаю это
  • Библия и вышеупомянутая книга [Science and Health], с другими работами того же автора, должны быть его единственными учебниками для торговли — он не может искать вне их
  • "Sell all that thou hast and distribute unto the poor."
  • Она имеет доставку продукта миру, но я уверен, что каждый отдельный элемент работы, кроме того, что она доставила, был создан другим.
  • «The Principle is divine and eternal, but the application of it to heal the sick had been lost sight of, and required to be again spiritually discerned and its science discovered, that man might retain it through the understanding.»
  • «Christian Science eschews divine rights in human beings.»

Сводка по автору из Wikidata

1835–1910. Mark Twain. американский писатель, журналист и общественный деятель (1835–1910)

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"Hear our Founder's eloquent words: 'Then will a voice from harmony cry, "Go and take the little book: take it and eat it up, and it shall make thy belly bitter; but it shall be in thy mouth sweet as honey." Mortal, obey the heavenly evangel. Take up Divine Science. Read it from beginning to end. Study it, ponder it. It will be, indeed, sweet at its first taste, when it heals you; but murmur not over Truth, if you find its digestion bitter.' You now know the history of our dear and holy Science, sir, and that its origin is not of this earth, but only its discovery. I will leave the book with you and will go, now; but give yourself no uneasiness—I will give you absent treatment from now till I go to bed."

CHAPTER III

Under the powerful influence of the near treatment and the absent treatment together, my bones were gradually retreating inward and disappearing from view. The good work took a brisk start, now, and went on swiftly. My body was diligently straining and stretching, this way and that, to accommodate the processes of restoration, and every minute or two I heard a dull click inside and knew that the two ends of a fracture had been successfully joined. This muffled clicking and gritting and grinding and rasping continued during the next three hours, and then stopped—the connections had all been made. All except dislocations; there were only seven of these: hips, shoulders, knees, neck; so that was soon over; one after another they slipped into their sockets with a sound like pulling a distant cork, and I jumped up as good as new, as to framework, and sent for the horse-doctor.

I was obliged to do this because I had a stomach-ache and a cold in the head, and I was not willing to trust these things any longer in the hands of a woman whom I did not know, and whose ability to successfully treat mere disease I had lost all confidence. My position was justified by the fact that the cold and the ache had been in her charge from the first, along with the fractures, but had experienced not a shade of relief; and, indeed, the ache was even growing worse and worse, and more and more bitter, now, probably on account of the protracted abstention from food and drink.

The horse-doctor came, a pleasant man and full of hope and professional interest in the case. In the matter of smell he was pretty aromatic—in fact, quite horsy—and I tried to arrange with him for absent treatment, but it was not in his line, so, out of delicacy, I did not press it. He looked at my teeth and examined my hock, and said my age and general condition were favorable to energetic measures; therefore he would give me something to turn the stomach-ache into the botts and the cold in the head into the blind staggers; then he should be on his own beat and would know what to do. He made up a bucket of bran-mash, and said a dipperful of it every two hours, alternated with a drench with turpentine and axle-grease in it, would either knock my ailments out of me in twenty-four hours, or so interest me in other ways as to make me forget they were on the premises. He administered my first dose himself, then took his leave, saying I was free to eat and drink anything I pleased and in any quantity I liked. But I was not hungry any more, and did not care for food.

I took up the Christian Science book and read half of it, then took a dipperful of drench and read the other half. The resulting experiences were full of interest and adventure. All through the rumblings and grindings and quakings and effervescings accompanying the evolution of the ache into the botts and the cold into the blind staggers I could note the generous struggle for mastery going on between the mash and the drench and the literature; and often I could tell which was ahead, and could easily distinguish the literature from the others when the others were separate, though not when they were mixed; for when a bran-mash and an eclectic drench are mixed together they look just like the Apodictical Principle out on a lark, and no one can tell it from that. The finish was reached at last, the evolutions were complete, and a fine success, but I think that this result could have been achieved with fewer materials. I believe the mash was necessary to the conversion of the stomach-ache into the botts, but I think one could develop the blind staggers out of the literature by itself; also, that blind staggers produced in this way would be of a better quality and more lasting than any produced by the artificial processes of the horse-doctor.

For of all the strange and frantic and incomprehensible and uninterpretable books which the imagination of man has created, surely this one is the prize sample. It is written with a limitless confidence and complacency, and with a dash and stir and earnestness which often compel the effects of eloquence, even when the words do not seem to have any traceable meaning. There are plenty of people who imagine they understand the book; I know this, for I have talked with them; but in all cases they were people who also imagined that there were no such things as pain, sickness, and death, and no realities in the world; nothing actually existent but Mind. It seems to me to modify the value of their testimony. When these people talk about Christian Science they do as Mrs. Fuller did: they do not use their own language, but the book's; they pour out the book's showy incoherences, and leave you to find out later that they were not originating, but merely quoting; they seem to know the volume by heart, and to revere it as they would a Bible—another Bible, perhaps I ought to say. Plainly the book was written under the mental desolations of the Third Degree, and I feel sure that none but the membership of that Degree can discover meanings in it. When you read it you seem to be listening to a lively and aggressive and oracular speech delivered in an unknown tongue, a speech whose spirit you get but not the particulars; or, to change the figure, you seem to be listening to a vigorous instrument which is making a noise which it thinks is a tune, but which, to persons not members of the band, is only the martial tooting of a trombone, and merrily stirs the soul through the noise, but does not convey a meaning.

The book's serenities of self-satisfaction do almost seem to smack of a heavenly origin—they have no blood-kin in the earth. It is more than human to be so placidly certain about things, and so finely superior, and so airily content with one's performance. Without ever presenting anything which may rightfully be called by the strong name of Evidence, and sometimes without even mentioning a reason for a deduction at all, it thunders out the startling words, "I have Proved" so and so. It takes the Pope and all the great guns of his Church in battery assembled to authoritatively settle and establish the meaning of a sole and single unclarified passage of Scripture, and this at vast cost of time and study and reflection, but the author of this work is superior to all that: she finds the whole Bible in an unclarified audition, and at small expense of time and no expense of mental effort she clarifies it from lid to lid, reorganizes and improves the meanings, then authoritatively settles and establishes them with formulas which you cannot tell from "Let there be light!" and "Here you have it!" It is the first time since the dawn-days of Creation that a Voice has gone crashing through space with such placid and complacent confidence and command.

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