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Christian Science — обложка книги
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Christian Science

Автор Марк Твен
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Дата написания1970-01-01
Язык книгиen
Возрастное ограничение12+
Жанры
зарубежная классиказарубежная старинная литература

Описание

Книга представляет критический анализ учения Христианской науки, начиная с личного опыта Марка Твена, переходя к исследованию личности и структуры организации Мэри Бейкер Эдди, и завершая собственными аргументами автора о природе исцеления и роли религиозных движений в обществе.

Главный конфликт / проблема

Критика учения Христианской науки и его финансовой модели, а также сомнения в оригинальности и авторстве ключевых текстов

Ключевые идеи

  • Христианская наука отрицает существование боли, болезни и материи, утверждая, что всё – это ум.
  • Учение основано на книге «Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures» и фигуре Мэри Бейкер Эди, которую авторы рассматривают как божественную.
  • Твэн критикует финансовую модель, где последователи платят за книги и услуги, создавая монополию.
  • Твэн сомневается в реальной эффективности «отсутствующего» лечения и подчёркивает отсутствие доказательств.
  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди как основательница и контролер Церкви
  • Сомнения в полном авторстве книги «Science and Health»
  • Строгая структура Церкви и монополия на тексты
  • Инфальбильность и контроль над членами
  • Влияние и критика «Великой Идеи»
  • Исцеление возможно только через духовный принцип, а не через физические методы.
  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди является центральной фигурой и источником авторитета в христианской науке.
  • Критика традиционного христианства за разрыв между личной и публичной моралью.

Вывод

Книга приводит к выводу, что Христианская наука, несмотря на свои духовные претензии, имеет недостатки в учении, практике и структуре, и её влияние может быть ограничено критическим осмыслением

Кому полезна

  • Критики религиозных движений
  • Люди, интересующиеся историей религий
  • Профессионалы в области теологии и религиоведения
  • Потребители духовных практик

Главные темы

  • Критика учения Христианской науки
  • Финансовая иерархия и контроль в Церкви
  • Проблемы авторства и оригинальности ключевых текстов
  • Проблемы с практикой исцеления и духовным мышлением

Персонажи

  • Мэри Бейкер Эдди — Обычная женщина с выдающимися способностями к манипуляции и контролю над учением. Автор книги «Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures» и центральная фигура учения, чьи идеи и практики подвергаются критике и защите в тексте.
  • Марк Твен — Автор, который пережил падение и испытал «отсутствующее» лечение, затем анализирует учение, выражая сомнения в оригинальности учения и обвиняя Эдди в самовосхвале.
  • Доктор Фуллер — Женщина, практикующая христианскую науку, объясняет Твену её принципы.
  • Реверенд Хебер Ньютон — Обсуждает роль исцеления в жизни Иисуса и в ранней церкви.
  • Мистер МакКрекан — Обсуждает вопросы авторства и точности учения.
  • Куимби — Автор упоминает его рукописи как потенциальный источник идей для Эдди.

Цитаты

  • «There is no such thing as pain; there is no such thing as disease; nothing exists but Mind; the mind cannot feel pain, it can only imagine it.»
  • «The trust will be the most insolent and unscrupulous and tyrannical politico‑religious master that has dominated a people since the palmy days of the Inquisition.»
  • Она была свидетельницей, от которой я черпал информацию. Она раскрыла это в своей автобиографии не намеренно, конечно — я не утверждаю это
  • Библия и вышеупомянутая книга [Science and Health], с другими работами того же автора, должны быть его единственными учебниками для торговли — он не может искать вне их
  • "Sell all that thou hast and distribute unto the poor."
  • Она имеет доставку продукта миру, но я уверен, что каждый отдельный элемент работы, кроме того, что она доставила, был создан другим.
  • «The Principle is divine and eternal, but the application of it to heal the sick had been lost sight of, and required to be again spiritually discerned and its science discovered, that man might retain it through the understanding.»
  • «Christian Science eschews divine rights in human beings.»

Сводка по автору из Wikidata

1835–1910. Mark Twain. американский писатель, журналист и общественный деятель (1835–1910)

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"These are noble thoughts. They make one burn to know more. How does Christian Science explain the spiritual relation of systematic duality to incidental deflection?"

"Christian Science reverses the seeming relation of Soul and body—as astronomy reverses the human perception of the movement of the solar system—and makes body tributary to the Mind. As it is the earth which is in motion, While the sun is at rest, though in viewing the sun rise one finds it impossible to believe the sun not to be really rising, so the body is but the humble servant of the restful Mind, though it seems otherwise to finite sense; but we shall never understand this while we admit that soul is in body, or mind in matter, and that man is included in non-intelligence. Soul is God, unchangeable and eternal; and man coexists with and reflects Soul, for the All-in-all is the Altogether, and the Altogether embraces the All-one, Soul-Mind, Mind-Soul, Love, Spirit, Bones, Liver, one of a series, alone and without an equal."

"What is the origin of Christian Science? Is it a gift of God, or did it just happen?"

"In a sense, it is a gift of God. That is to say, its powers are from Him, but the credit of the discovery of the powers and what they are for is due to an American lady."

"Indeed? When did this occur?"

"In 1866. That is the immortal date when pain and disease and death disappeared from the earth to return no more forever. That is, the fancies for which those terms stand disappeared. The things themselves had never existed; therefore, as soon as it was perceived that there were no such things, they were easily banished. The history and nature of the great discovery are set down in the book here, and—"

"Did the lady write the book?"

"Yes, she wrote it all, herself. The title is Science and Health, with Key to the Scriptures—for she explains the Scriptures; they were not understood before. Not even by the twelve Disciples. She begins thus—I will read it to you."

But she had forgotten to bring her glasses.

"Well, it is no matter," she said. "I remember the words—indeed, all Christian Scientists know the book by heart; it is necessary in our practice. We should otherwise make mistakes and do harm. She begins thus: 'In the year 1866 I discovered the Science of Metaphysical Healing, and named it Christian Science.' And She says quite beautifully, I think—'Through Christian Science, religion and medicine are inspired with a diviner nature and essence, fresh pinions are given to faith and understanding, and thoughts acquaint themselves intelligently with God.' Her very words."

"It is elegant. And it is a fine thought, too—marrying religion to medicine, instead of medicine to the undertaker in the old way; for religion and medicine properly belong together, they being the basis of all spiritual and physical health. What kind of medicine do you give for the ordinary diseases, such as—"

"We never give medicine in any circumstances whatever! We—"

"But, madam, it says—"

"I don't care what it says, and I don't wish to talk about it."

"I am sorry if I have offended, but you see the mention seemed in some way inconsistent, and—"

"There are no inconsistencies in Christian Science. The thing is impossible, for the Science is absolute. It cannot be otherwise, since it proceeds directly from the All-in-all and the Everything-in-Which, also Soul, Bones, Truth, one of a series, alone and without equal. It is Mathematics purified from material dross and made spiritual."

"I can see that, but—"

"It rests upon the immovable basis of an Apodictical Principle."

The word flattened itself against my mind in trying to get in, and disordered me a little, and before I could inquire into its pertinency, she was already throwing the needed light:

"This Apodictical Principle is the absolute Principle of Scientific Mind-healing, the sovereign Omnipotence which delivers the children of men from pain, disease, decay, and every ill that flesh is heir to."

"Surely not every ill, every decay?"

"Every one; there are no exceptions; there is no such thing as decay—it is an unreality, it has no existence."

"But without your glasses your failing eyesight does not permit you to—"

"My eyesight cannot fail; nothing can fail; the Mind is master, and the Mind permits no retrogression."

She was under the inspiration of the Third Degree, therefore there could be no profit in continuing this part of the subject. I shifted to other ground and inquired further concerning the Discoverer of the Science.

"Did the discovery come suddenly, like Klondike, or after long study and calculation, like America?"

"The comparisons are not respectful, since they refer to trivialities—but let it pass. I will answer in the Discoverer's own words: 'God had been graciously fitting me, during many years, for the reception of a final revelation of the absolute Principle of Scientific Mind-healing.'"

"Many years. How many?"

"Eighteen centuries!"

"All—God, God—good, good—God, Truth, Bones, Liver, one of a series, alone and without equal—it is amazing!"

"You may well say it, sir. Yet it is but the truth This American lady, our revered and sacred Founder, is distinctly referred to, and her coming prophesied, in the twelfth chapter of the Apocalypse; she could not have been more plainly indicated by St. John without actually mentioning her name."

"How strange, how wonderful!"

"I will quote her own words, from her Key to the Scriptures: 'The twelfth chapter of the Apocalypse has a special suggestiveness in connection with this nineteenth century.' There—do you note that? Think—note it well."

"But—what does it mean?"

"Listen, and you will know. I quote her inspired words again: 'In the opening of the Sixth Seal, typical of six thousand years since Adam, there is one distinctive feature which has special reference to the present age. Thus:

"'Revelation xii. I. And there appeared a great wonder in heaven—a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars.'

"That is our Head, our Chief, our Discoverer of Christian Science—nothing can be plainer, nothing surer. And note this:

"'Revelation xii. 6. And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she had a place prepared of God.'

"That is Boston. I recognize it, madam. These are sublime things, and impressive; I never understood these passages before; please go on with the—with the—proofs."

"Very well. Listen:

"'And I saw another mighty angel come down from heaven, clothed with a cloud; and a rainbow was upon his head, and his face was as it were the sun, and his feet as pillars of fire. And he held in his hand a little book.'

"A little book, merely a little book—could words be modester? Yet how stupendous its importance! Do you know what book that was?"

"Was it—"

"I hold it in my hand—Christian Science!"

"Love, Livers, Lights, Bones, Truth, Kidneys, one of a series, alone and without equal—it is beyond imagination for wonder!"

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