Исида и Осирис

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Хорус рождается после возрождения Осириса и становится наследником.","Плутарх — Греческий философ, описывающий миф и свои взгляды на египетскую религию."]},{"key":"quotes","title":"Цитаты","body":["Ибо божество блаженно не золотом и серебром и сильно не громами и молниями, но способностью постигать и знанием.","Исида — греческое имя, так же как имя Тифона, который, будучи врагом Исиды, беснуется в своем невежестве и лживости.","логосом, очевидно, подразумевается Осирис","Плутарх ошибается: Исида — египетское имя, Тифон — греческое божество","Исида — дочь Геба (греческая параллель — Крон) или Тота (Гермеса)","Отождествление Гора и Аполлона произошло из-за причастности обоих к солнечному культу","Сет далеко не был воплощением мирового зла; главные его роли — божество мрака, бури и пустыни"]}],"authorSummary":{"key":"authorSummary","title":"Сводка по автору из Wikidata","body":"0040–0120. 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Исида и Осирис. Перевод и примечания Н. Н. Трухиной. Киев, \"УЦИММ-ПРЕСС\", 1996."},{"id":"id4208:3","kind":"paragraph","text":"Плутарх"},{"id":"id4208:4","kind":"paragraph","text":"Предуведомление"},{"id":"id4208:5","kind":"paragraph","text":"Об Исиде и 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Об Исиде и Осирисе"},{"id":"id4206:0","kind":"heading","text":"Предуведомление"},{"id":"id4206:1","kind":"paragraph","text":"Биография знаменитейшего из биографов столь часто приводилась в многочисленных изданиях его «Сравнительных жизнеописаний», что решительно нет никакого смысла подробно излагать ее еще раз. Вкратце же она такова: родился Плутарх в середине 40-х годов I века н. э. в городке Херонее, в Беотии, где и прожил большую часть своей жизни («…я живу в маленьком городе, и чтобы он не сделался еще меньше, охотно в нем остаюсь»). Учился в Афинах у платоника (академика) Аммония, несколько раз бывал в Риме (впервые — при имераторе Веспасиане), имел некоторое влияние при дворе (есть известие, что император Траян требовал от наместников Ахайи, чтобы те в управлении провинцией руководствовались указаниями Плутарха)."},{"id":"id4206:2","kind":"paragraph","text":"В своем родном городе Плутарх избирался смотрителем проектов и архонтом, был также избран гражданином Афин. Большую же часть своего времени (за исключением литературной деятельности) уделял воспитанию сыновей и молодежи. Последние годы жизни Плутарх прожил в Дельфах, состоя жрецом в храме Аполлона (именно там и были написаны трактаты, представленные в данном издании). Умер приблизительно в 120 г. (последний раз упоминается в хронике Евсевия в 119 г. как глубокий старик)."},{"id":"id4206:3","kind":"paragraph","text":"Как Галлия делилась на четыре части, так и все богатейшее литературное наследие Плутарха (согласно Ламприеву каталогу — порядка трехсот книг, около двух третей которых — утрачено) — на две: «Сравнительные жизнеописания» и «Моралии». Принцип разделения, предложенный горячим поклонником и систематизатором Плутарха, византийским монахом Максимом Планудом (1260–1310 гг.), крайне прост: все, что не подходило под «Сравнительные жизнеописания», включалось в «Моралии». Таким образом «Моралии» — механическое соединение более восьмидесяти больших и малых работ, посвященных самым различным вопросам (любопытно, как отнесся бы к этому эклектик Плутарх?!). Чисто философские (впрочем, понятие «чисто» вряд ли применимо к славному предтече энциклопедистов — Плутарх никогда не мог, да и не хотел удерживать себя в рамках какой-либо одной выбранной темы и, в конце концов, моралист и бытописатель брали в нем верх) работы, за редким исключением, до нас не дошли, но если судить по сохранившимся названиям, были по преимуществу посвящены комментированию и трактованию отдельных мест из Платона. Плутарх вообще искренне считал себя академиком, но был им скорее «платонически», ибо трудно себе представить, чтобы он, любящий отец и примерный семьянин, певец ратных подвигов, «гражданских» добродетелей и «мудрых» пиров действительно воспринимал наш чувственный мир лишь как жалкий образ и подобие эйдетических красот, а тело — только как «темницу души». Читая блестящего Платона, мы не можем не услышать «холодный смех бессмертных», чего никак нельзя сказать о «платонике» Плутархе, мыслителе пускай и поверхностном и вторичном, но очень добром и человечном, а потому и одном из обаятельнейших писателей, причем не только древности."},{"id":"id4205:0","kind":"heading","text":"Об Исиде и Осирисе"},{"id":"id4205:1","kind":"heading","text":"1."},{"id":"id4205:2","kind":"paragraph","text":"Всяких благ, Клея[1], люди, имеющие разум, должны просить у богов, более же всего мы желаем и молим получить от них знание о них самих, насколько это доступно людям; ибо и человек не может принять ничего более великого, и бог даровать ничего более священного, чем истина. Все остальное, в чем нуждаются люди, бог дает им полностью, разума же и мудрости — часть, владея и распоряжаясь ими как своей особой собственностью. Ибо божество блаженно не золотом и серебром и сильно не громами и молниями, но способностью постигать и знанием. Гомер провозгласил это прекраснее всего того, что он говорил о богах:"},{"id":"id4205:3","kind":"paragraph","text":"«Оба они и единая кровь и единое племя;"},{"id":"id4205:4","kind":"paragraph","text":"Зевс лишь Кронион и прежде родился и более ведал».[ 2]"},{"id":"id4205:5","kind":"paragraph","text":"Он ясно изрек, что превосходство Зевса более свято, ибо старше знание и мудрость его. И я полагаю, что в той вечной жизни, которая суждена богу, блаженство состоит в том, что его знание ничего не упускает из происходящего, а если бы отнято было познание и постижение сущего, то бессмертие было бы не жизнью, но временем."}],"toc":[{"id":"id4208:0:1","label":"Annotation","page":1,"pageUrl":"/books/0juaBPF4#reader-content"},{"id":"id4207:0:1","label":"Плутарх Об Исиде и Осирисе","page":1,"pageUrl":"/books/0juaBPF4#reader-content"},{"id":"id4206:0:1","label":"Предуведомление","page":1,"pageUrl":"/books/0juaBPF4#reader-content"},{"id":"id4205:0:1","label":"Об Исиде и 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